Dynamical Characteristics of Inertia-Gravity Waves in the Antarctic Mesosphere: Analyses Combining High-Resolution Observations and Modeling

AbstractContents
List of Figure captionsList of Table captions1. General Introduction1.1 Dynamical properties of gravity waves1.2 Gravity waves in the Antarctic1.3 Observational and modeling studies of the mesospheric gravity waves in the Antarctic1.4 The Purpose of this study2. A new transformation method for a quasi-uniform and fine grid system in a circular region using the spring dynamics2.1 A short review for the previous stretched grid systems2.2 A standard grid generation method in NICAM2.2.1 Icosahedral grid on a sphere2.2.2 Spring dynamics2.3 How to determine the characteristic spring length2.3.1 A constraint on the cell area and total grid number over the sphere2.3.2 Connection with the Schmidt transformation2.3.3 The mathematical constraints on ϕ0, n, and β2.4. Results: Grid properties2.4.1 Resolution2.4.2 Smoothness and Isotropy2.4.3 Numerical simulation2.5 Summary and concluding remarks3. Quasi-12 h inertia-gravity waves in the lower mesosphere observed by the PANSY radar at Syowa Station (39.6 E, 69.0 S)3.1 A review for dominant mesospheric disturbances3.2 Methodology3.2.1 The PANSY radar observations3.2.2 Numerical setup for NICAM3.2.2.1 Horizontal and vertical coordinate system3.2.2.2 Initial condition and other physical schemes3.3 Observational results3.4 Numerical experiment results3.4.1 Simulated wave structures3.4.2 Wave propagation and generation mechanism3.5 Discussion3.6 Summary4. Gravity wave characteristics in the winter Antarctic mesosphere by a long-term numerical simulation using a non-hydrostatic general circulation model4.1 Data and method4.1.1 Horizontal and vertical coordinate system4.1.2 Initial condition and time integration technique4.2 Comparison to the PANSY radar data and the reanalysis data4.3 Spectrum analysis4.4 Flux, energy of gravity waves4.5 Discussion and Summary5. Summary and concluding remarksAcknowledgements