In nature, the interaction between two organisms largely relies on their ability to sense and respond to each other, which involves many specific chemicals and signaling pathways. Host-pathogen interaction studies aim to understand the survival strategies employed by both the host and the pathogen. Host-pathogen interactions are complex as well as dynamic processes. Behavioral, along with physiological changes in the host upon exposure to the pathogen are the basic pillars of the survival mechanisms of organisms that are well conserved in animals. Different model organisms, such as Drosophila melanogaster, Caenorhabditis elegans, zebrafish, Arabidopsis, and mice have been widely used to study different aspects of host-pathogen interaction. The concept of using lower non-vertebrate and vertebrate hosts has led to many seminal discoveries in the field of biology. For example, The Toll signaling pathway which plays a central role in innate immune response against an array of pathogens was first identified in Drosophila (Anderson et al., 1985; Bier and Guichard, 2012; Lemaitre et al., 1996). Drosophila has also impacted significantly in understanding basic cellular and development biology over the past many decades (Arbeitman et al., 2002; Bellen et al., 2010). Zebrafish, on the other hand, represents a simple vertebrate infection model with both innate and adaptive branches of the immune system. It has been extensively used to provide new insights into human infectious diseases (d'Alencon et al., 2010; Tobin et al., 2012; Tobin et al., 2010; Trede et al., 2004).
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