Economic Growth and the Environment: Changes Toward Sustainable Development Based on Statistical Data and Experiences

This book presents experiences that enable economic growth with more well-being, and better environmental qualities within framework of Sustainable Development Goals. Authoritative statistical data on economic, social, and environmental indicators in all countries are used, with particular attention to the most populated countries. It is shown that the radical economic ideas of neo-liberalism and degrowth fail to achieve their own objectives, while sustainable innovations generate continuous improvements with promising results. Sustainable development is driven by growing services and innovations dedicated to better uses of the natural resources and pollution prevention in all countries. Larger leisure time and knowledge work generate demands for sustainable innovations. While the global changes are slow, a few dozen countries have improved income, well-being, and environmental qualities due to moderate economic growth, capable population and democratic governances. Therefore, the shareholder greed for quick results, which generates cheap junk, can be turned toward valuable labour for quality services. This is demanded by consumers when supported by policies. Experiences of the past decades illustrate that many Sustainable Development Goals can be reached within the next generation if higher value, labour-intensive services and sustainable innovations are delivered. Policies can support this process.