Models of Multiparty Electoral Competition

Kenneth A. Shepsle surveys the formal literature on multiparty electoral competition.

Models of Multiparty Electoral Competition

Formal Models of Domestic Politics offers a unified and accessible approach to canonical and important new models of politics. Intended for political science and economics students who have already taken a course in game theory, this new edition retains the widely appreciated pedagogic approach of the first edition. Coverage has been expanded to include a new chapter on nondemocracy; new material on valance and issue ownership, dynamic veto and legislative bargaining, delegation to leaders by imperfectly informed politicians, and voter competence; and numerous additional exercises. Political economists, comparativists, and Americanists will all find models in the text central to their research interests. This leading graduate textbook assumes no mathematical knowledge beyond basic calculus, with an emphasis placed on clarity of presentation. Political scientists will appreciate the simplification of economic environments to focus on the political logic of models; economists will discov

Sarah Pickard offers a detailed and wide-ranging assessment of electoral and non-electoral political participation of young people in contemporary Britain, drawing on perspectives and insights from yo

I Can Be An ... Astronaut (with 3 press-out models) Find out if you have what it takes to be an astronaut in this exciting board book with press-out models!Blast off to the moon and discover what it takes to be an astronaut! Follow the story of astronauts preparing for their mission and experience a hands-on adventure with three easy-to-make models of an astronaut, a rocket and a moon buggy. With stylish graphic illustrations, this will inspire anyone that they can be an astronaut!I Can Be A ... Firefighter (with 3 press-out models) Find out what it takes to be a firefighter in this exciting board book with press-out models!Race to the rescue and discover what it takes to be a firefighter! Follow the story of firefighters answering an emergency call and experience a hands-on adventure with three easy-to-make models of a firefighter, a fire engine and a fire dog. With stylish graphic illustrations, this will inspire anyone that they can be a firefighter!

It's time for the Halloween pumpkin competition at playgroup and Grandpa Pig has grown Peppa a really special pumpkin. The trouble is, it's a little bit too big to fit in the car. . . In fact, i

Presenting a global and interdisciplinary approach to plant ecology, this much-awaited new edition of the book Plants and Vegetation integrates classical themes with the latest ideas, models, and data. Keddy draws on extensive teaching experience to bring the field to life, guiding students through essential concepts with numerous real-world examples and full-colour illustrations throughout. The chapters begin by presenting the wider picture of the origin of plants and their impact on the Earth, before exploring the search for global patterns in plants and vegetation. Chapters on resources, stress, competition, herbivory, and mutualism explore causation, and a concluding chapter on conservation addresses the concern that one-third of all plant species are at risk of extinction. The scope of this edition is broadened further by a new chapter on population ecology, along with extensive examples including South African deserts, the Guyana Highlands of South America, Himalayan forests and

Nigel Barker—fashion authority, photographer, and host of Oxygen’s The Face—presents 50 of the most influential models from the 1940s to today through a wealth of full-color photographs from the world

Linear Algebra and Linear Models comprises a concise and rigorous introduction to linear algebra required for statistics followed by the basic aspects of the theory of linear estimation and hypothesis

一年一度的冰雕比賽又來了！去年的冠軍艾瑞絲摩拳擦掌，信心滿滿要再次奪冠。但是今年的競爭卻非常激烈，因為新來的愛琳竟然雕出一座讓大家嘖嘖稱奇的冰雕！艾瑞絲情急之下，決定採取「非常手段」。她的方法能奏效嗎？勝利女神又會向誰微笑呢？故事裡的愛瑞絲只為了要贏得冠軍而不擇手段，最後得到的卻是反效果。父母可以藉此教導孩子正確的觀念，不可以用不正當的手段謀取成功，要正正當當地做人、踏踏實實地做事。只有經過努力而

This is the first book of its kind to advocate utilizing and combining an assortment of trauma treatment models.

Why do some political parties flourish, while others flounder? In this book, Meguid examines variation in the electoral trajectories of the new set of single-issue parties: green, radical right, and ethnoterritorial parties. Instead of being dictated by electoral institutions or the socioeconomic climate, as the dominant theories contend, the fortunes of these niche parties, she argues, are shaped by the strategic responses of mainstream parties. She advances a theory of party competition in which mainstream parties facing unequal competitors have access to a wider and more effective set of strategies than posited by standard spatial models. Combining statistical analyses with in-depth case studies from Western Europe, the book explores how and why established parties undermine niche parties or turn them into weapons against their mainstream party opponents. This study of competition between unequals thus provides broader insights into the nature and outcome of competition between poli

Why do some political parties flourish, while others flounder? In this book, Meguid examines variation in the electoral trajectories of the new set of single-issue parties: green, radical right, and ethnoterritorial parties. Instead of being dictated by electoral institutions or the socioeconomic climate, as the dominant theories contend, the fortunes of these niche parties, she argues, are shaped by the strategic responses of mainstream parties. She advances a theory of party competition in which mainstream parties facing unequal competitors have access to a wider and more effective set of strategies than posited by standard spatial models. Combining statistical analyses with in-depth case studies from Western Europe, the book explores how and why established parties undermine niche parties or turn them into weapons against their mainstream party opponents. This study of competition between unequals thus provides broader insights into the nature and outcome of competition between poli

《圓覺經》全名《大方廣圓覺修多羅了義經》，透過文殊師利等十二位菩薩與佛陀的問答，宣說如來圓覺妙理，揭櫫一切眾生具足圓覺妙心，是指引如何修行成佛的經典。《圓覺經》廣受唐代天台、華嚴、禪宗、密宗重視，北宋郭印提出佛教四書，清末吳坤修甄選釋氏十三經，它從未缺席，又早早流布高麗與鎌倉時代的朝鮮、日本。該經一卷之薄，允為東亞漢傳佛教「經中之睛」。是次新注新譯，深度利用東亞文獻以校勘、輯佚，紹述唐僧玄奘忠於原典及思想、語言原貌之傳統，從佛學乃至文學角度，予以精當闡釋，化深奧為易懂，內容至簡至要。〈導讀〉一文更明析該經結構、善本、善注、文體，乃至東亞古典時代地位諸議題。研讀佛教經典者，切莫錯過。The Sūtra of Perfect Englightenment 圓覺經, whose full title is The Nītârtha Sūtra on the canon of the great and expansive Perfect Enlightenment (Dà fāngguăng yuánjué xiūduōluó liǎoyì jīng) 大方廣圓覺修多羅了義經, uses a conversation between the Buddha and twelve Bodhisattvas, led by Mañjuśrī, to promulgate the wondrous doctrine of perfect enlightenment. It discloses that all sentient beings have an innate mind of perfect enlightenment, and guides them on how to train to attain Buddhahood. In the Tang dynasty, the Sūtra of Perfect Enlightenment was held in high esteem by the Tiantai, Huayan, Chan, and Vajrayāna (Esoteric) schools. And it was listed in the four Buddhist classics proposed by the Northern Song’s G

Harvard Crimson Global Essay Competition (HCGEC) 2025 Creative Writing First-Place Winner Justin Yu's first English book, featuring deeply moving reviews of the world's 50 greatest films.

從認識、探索、挑戰到理解， 融入閱讀與科學教育的繪本！ 鏗！鏘！哐啷！ 這是爸爸在工作的聲音。儘管他是一位發明家，但他從來沒有發明過任何完美的東西......因為他還沒找到真正極佳的點子。 一天，爸爸帶著家人去密西根湖釣魚，女兒維蕾娜問他： 「你想過變成一條魚是什麼感覺嗎？」 接著爸爸就奔向他的工作室。幾個星期後，他打開門，展示一艘潛水船。它非常小，爸爸只能勉強進入其中，頂部伸出一條管子供他呼吸，底部撐出一支桿子讓他可以在湖底前進。 這樣能成功嗎？ 【本書特色】 ●真實故事轉化生動有趣的內容，讓孩子身歷其境 根據洛德納・菲利普斯的生平，作者以俏皮的文字，並使用可預測讀物重複句子的設計，搭配繪者富有想像力的藝術風格，用最生動有趣的方式，帶領孩子認識這一位最早期的現代潛水艇創造者。 ●重視「核心素養」，跨領域的知識內容 配合書中爸爸不斷研發、探索、試錯，讓孩子能感受到創造過程中的樂趣，同時能藉由故事中遇到的問題，建立孩子對浮力的認識及探索影響浮沉的原因，並初步認識幾何形體的特徵，進而操作與規劃，思考如何解決問題。 ●正向的品格教育 故事中，爸爸不會因為失敗而氣餒，反而是從失敗中，獲得更多新的想法，不停地繼續挑戰和修正，越做越好，培養孩子克服困難與堅持不懈的人格特質。 ●培養良好的親子關係 爸爸與孩子針對問題引發更多創新的思考，媽媽支持著家人，強烈體會親子間和樂融融的互動，能讓孩子帶往更積極正面的學習態度。 【榮獲各項好評】 《學校圖書館學報》(School Library Journal)年度最佳選書 美國CCBC Choices獲選童書 (CCBC Choice) 初級圖書館協會精選 (Junior Library Guild Selections) 康斯托克朗讀獎 (Comstock Read Aloud Book Award) 紅苜蓿繪本獎入圍 (Vermont Red Clover Award Nominee) 賓夕凡尼亞青少年讀者選書獎 (Pennsylvania Young Reader's Choice Award Master List) 銀行街年度最佳兒童讀物 (Bank Street CBC Best Children's Book of the Year) K-12學生優秀科學書籍獎 (NSTA/CBC Outstanding

«每個人的故事都有它的意義——透過挖掘劉宰的生命故事，探索南宋士人的崇高使命感 «不再侷限皇帝達官顯要的歷史——重新建構南宋基層社會樣貌 ◎「與士大夫共治天下」不是說說而已——致仕歸鄉仍有志於社會 劉宰是何許人也？劉宰並非南宋重臣名宦，身分僅為地方士人官僚，他在官途順遂且尚處壯年之時，毅然辭官返鄉。由於他過往擔任地方基層官的種種經驗，加之家鄉鎮江府金壇縣位處南宋與金的邊境，是當時南宋政局動盪的首衝之地，於是他選擇「退而不休」，不只積極號召、凝聚鄉親人力，更多次推動大型社會公益活動。 ◎小人物立大功——誰說只有權有勢的官宦才能影響政局及社會 縱然劉宰不似同時代的史彌遠、韓侂冑等人威名赫赫，劉宰雖已脫離官場，他仍時常與當權者通信，並且依據自己在地方地所聞所見，提供政策解決方案，同時對時局提出建言。他作為政府官方與地方士人的中介，促使南宋地方政府與基層社會緊密連結，展現南宋時代的獨特士人社會力。 作者結合地理環境和時代政局的變動，描繪劉宰一生所關注、推動以及與時代環境緊密連結的家國事業，藉由認識劉宰他的人格特質以及他所代表的南宋時代的士人社會力微觀研究出發，剖析環境與資源對區域的發展影響，建構出更完整的南宋社會樣貌，試圖從與過往不同的視角理解南宋在中國歷史轉型期的關鍵地位。 Huang Kuanchung is a social historian, political historian, cultural historian, and intellectual historian all at once. All his talents are in apparent in this fascinating and important study of Liu Zai 劉宰in Southern Song local society and national politics. 黃寬重同時是社會、政治、文化和思想史學家。他所有的才能，在這部精彩且重要的關於南宋地方社會和國家政治的劉宰研究中，顯露無遺。——Peter Bol（

«每個人的故事都有它的意義——透過挖掘劉宰的生命故事，探索南宋士人的崇高使命感 «不再侷限皇帝達官顯要的歷史——重新建構南宋基層社會樣貌 ◎「與士大夫共治天下」不是說說而已——致仕歸鄉仍有志於社會 劉宰是何許人也？劉宰並非南宋重臣名宦，身分僅為地方士人官僚，他在官途順遂且尚處壯年之時，毅然辭官返鄉。由於他過往擔任地方基層官的種種經驗，加之家鄉鎮江府金壇縣位處南宋與金的邊境，是當時南宋政局動盪的首衝之地，於是他選擇「退而不休」，不只積極號召、凝聚鄉親人力，更多次推動大型社會公益活動。 ◎小人物立大功——誰說只有權有勢的官宦才能影響政局及社會 縱然劉宰不似同時代的史彌遠、韓侂冑等人威名赫赫，劉宰雖已脫離官場，他仍時常與當權者通信，並且依據自己在地方地所聞所見，提供政策解決方案，同時對時局提出建言。他作為政府官方與地方士人的中介，促使南宋地方政府與基層社會緊密連結，展現南宋時代的獨特士人社會力。 作者結合地理環境和時代政局的變動，描繪劉宰一生所關注、推動以及與時代環境緊密連結的家國事業，藉由認識劉宰他的人格特質以及他所代表的南宋時代的士人社會力微觀研究出發，剖析環境與資源對區域的發展影響，建構出更完整的南宋社會樣貌，試圖從與過往不同的視角理解南宋在中國歷史轉型期的關鍵地位。 Huang Kuanchung is a social historian, political historian, cultural historian, and intellectual historian all at once. All his talents are in apparent in this fascinating and important study of Liu Zai 劉宰in Southern Song local society and national politics. 黃寬重同時是社會、政治、文化和思想史學家。他所有的才能，在這部精彩且重要的關於南宋地方社會和國家政治的劉宰研究中，顯露無遺。——Peter Bol（包弼德）&n

★美國總統國家與社會貢獻獎金獎得主★ 韓秀　傾情鉅獻 從一畫成名驚天下，到窮愁潦倒無人問 他是時代的孤勇者，更是西方藝術史的先行者 林布蘭（Rembrandt, 1606-1669）生於荷蘭萊登，以色彩鮮明的版畫與精湛的銅版蝕刻技術聞名於世，為巴洛克時期最具代表性的藝術家之一。早期善於以「明暗對照法」繪製栩栩如生的肖像，例如《杜爾普教授的解剖課》，他也因此畫一舉成為當時阿姆斯特丹最富有的人之一。 但好景不長，因為受妻兒接連過世的打擊，1640年之後，林布蘭的畫筆不再濃墨重彩，他的畫布變得灰暗，人物形象追求自然、更加忠於原貌──但這樣的轉變卻也讓他從此跌落畫壇。 荷蘭的風帆正在黃金時代的浪潮中駛向全世界，林布蘭的人生卻陷入了暗無星月的夜晚。因為不符合審美潮流，幾乎沒有人再肯委託他作畫，財務狀況每下愈況；到了人生的終章，林布蘭甚至必須割愛珍貴的異國收藏、不斷遷居，過世時幾乎可說是身無分文、窮愁潦倒…… ═════ 林布蘭畫布下的故事 ═════ ♦《夜巡》（The Night Watch） ──世界三大油畫之一，為何當年會被裁剪、焚毀、謾罵百年？ ♦《猶太新娘》（The Jewish Bride） ──讓梵谷為之瘋狂的詩意之作，訴說林布蘭一生最重要的女人 ♦《杜爾普教授的解剖課》（The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp） ──杜爾普教授是誰？一窺十七世紀荷蘭的醫學片段 ♦《克勞迪‧基維里斯密謀起義》（The Conspiracy of the Batavians under Claudius Civilis） ──只餘下草圖的偉大畫作，究竟是得罪了何人？ ♦《雅各與天使角鬥》（Jacob Wrestling with the Ange） ──無比經典的聖經故事，也是林布蘭一生心志的寫照…… 「我的身心為之一震，彷彿有一塊巧奪天工的色彩撲面而來。」 「當沉溺於心中的夢想時，他失去了一切，但同時，他也得到了一切。」 「終其一生他都生活在一個虛幻的世界中，這個世界有著無限的美麗和完滿，以至於世人只能聳聳肩，帶著惡意與嫉妒的嗤笑，不予理睬

The introduction of elections to district advisory bodies during the early 1980s was expected to improve the public delivery of services. However, as time passed, electoral politics led to party politics, elite fragmentation and political struggles. Politicization and hyper-politicization in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region has brought about a fluctuating pattern between administrative recentralization, the Tsang administration’s attempts at decentralization, and the post-2019 administrative recentralization.The purpose of this book is to study the intertwining relationship between district administration and electoral politics. It also examines the political transformation of District Councils after the promulgation of the National Security Law in late June 2020. Written by experts in the field, this book is a good reference source for readers interested in district elections, politics, and administration in Hong Kong.

9786263072350 樹的透視書了解樹的不同部位怎麼分工合作、讓樹持續成長，並探索樹如何以各種方式協助人類與動物。樹太神奇了，快準備好翻開書吧！ 從樹頂到根尖，樹木裡面充滿了驚奇的小祕密！本書運用特殊的透明頁設計，一層一層剖析大樹生態系，帶領讀者認識身邊的樹木，看樹木隨著季節發生的變化，以及如何提供棲所給各種動物。9781474992145 Usborne Book and Jigsaw: Tree of Life (300片拼圖+16頁小書)A beautiful Tree of Life Jigsaw Puzzle accompanied by a 16pp book that explores the whole tree of life from microscopic bacteria to whole rainforest ecosystems, packed with information about how life works, what makes a living thing, and all sorts of the Earth’s amazing plants and animals.300片拼圖+16頁小書拼圖完成尺寸59*40公分

Find out what it takes to be a doctor in this exciting board book with press-out models!Look after patients and discover what it takes to be a doctor. Follow the story of a doctor's day in the hospita

Find out what it takes to be a mechanic in this exciting board book with press-out models!Open up the garage and discover what it takes to be a mechanic. Follow the story and experience hands-on fun w

Find out if you have what it takes to be an astronaut in this exciting board book with press-out models!Blast off to the moon and discover what it takes to be an astronaut! Follow the story of astrona

Find out what it takes to be a firefighter in this exciting board book with press-out models!Race to the rescue and discover what it takes to be a firefighter! Follow the story of firefighters answeri

On an island nation in the Indian Ocean, the explorers venture through a vast underwater world and take part in a friendly robotics competition. But the tides of good fortune change quickly. Suddenly,

Discover the past like never before - in LEGO® bricks!Discover the history of the world and get inspired to build your own epic LEGO® models!The book also comes with bricks to make four exclusive LEGO

It's time to cheer for the inspiring athletes of the Paralympic Games!As the Opening Ceremony for the 1948 Summer Olympic Games commenced in London, a similar sporting competition was taking place a f

獅子在哪裡？咦……不就在……等一下！先別急著說出答案，這個有一點機智、一點幽默、一點無厘頭的故事將告訴你，沒看到最後一頁，別相信什麼眼見為憑！★3~7歲親子共讀，7歲以上自行閱讀【國際好評】★美國全國公共廣播電台（NPR）2014年度選書★美國伊利諾州閱讀協會（Illinois Reads Selection）2015年度選書★柯克斯書評（Kirkus Reviews）、學校圖書館期刊（School Library Journal）、美國兒童圖書中心會刊（Bulletin of the Center for Children's Books）書評推介【同聲推薦】李貞慧（水瓶面面，兒童文學工作者）汪仁雅（「繪本小情歌」版主，兒童文學工作者）許伯琴（「我們家的睡前故事」版主）【故事簡介】一個小男孩正在找獅子。獅子正在找午餐。故事就此展開。但請看仔細……在這個故事裡，一切都和表面上的不一樣！這本別出心裁的繪本，有著出乎意料的劇情，能為孩子們帶來歡笑。【本書特色】★圖文對話，精彩反轉「圖畫書」既是圖文合作下的產物，那麼圖畫與文字之間如何高明地互動、融合、對話，便是一本圖畫書精采的關鍵。《獅子在哪裡》巧妙地運用文字和圖畫營造誤導和反差的氣氛，帶來懸念與幽默的效果，最後的反轉更是令人莞爾，是一本圖文合作絕妙的作品。★對話式情節，親子共讀最佳選擇《獅子在哪裡》全書以對話為主，文字簡單，圖畫生動，富有戲劇化的想像和幽默感，非常適合做為親子共讀的入門書。

當那盛大的「普佳」節到來，鄰人的孩子們都來屋子四周玩耍，我要溶化在笛的樂聲中，整天在你心中震盪著。 親愛的姨母將帶著「普佳」的禮物來問：「姊姊，我們的孩兒呢？」媽媽，那麼你輕輕地對她說：「他在我的瞳人中，他在我的身體中，我的靈魂中。」 ──《新月集》‧終結 When, on the great festival of puja, the neighbours' children co

夏天的漂鳥，到我窗前來唱歌，又飛去了。秋天的黃葉，沒有歌唱，只嘆息一聲，飄落在那裡。──《漂鳥集》‧1Stray birds of summer come to my window to sing and fly away.And yellow leaves of autumn, which have no songs, flutter and fall there with a sigh.—St

★榮獲文化部2018年第41次中小學生優良課外讀物★入選北市圖2018第75梯次「好書大家讀」優良少年兒童讀物推介★★榮獲好書大家讀2018年度最佳少年兒童讀物獎★這是傑出的畫家，芙烈達卡蘿的故事，也是她與啟發她一生的動物們的故事。這位來自墨西哥的女畫家，最耳熟能詳的作品就是她的自畫像。她用大膽且鮮明的顏色，記錄了墨西哥與當地原住民的文化。此外，她的畫作也讚頌女性的美好……★本書特色【全新視角，讓動物來說一個傳記故事】動物們在芙烈達卡蘿的人生中，扮演相當重要的角色，牠們代表著芙烈達的不同性格，從動物與她的互動中，我們看見了藝術家揮灑出濃烈的愛！【神祕墨西哥文化，特別體驗】墨西哥文化是芙烈達卡蘿一生的驕傲：美麗的墨西哥圖騰及服飾、故居「藍房子」、獨特的墨西哥動物，讓你產生親臨墨西哥的錯覺，同時心神嚮往！★★★國際好評推薦★★★ ☆德國亞馬遜書店5顆星滿分好評 ☆2018年普菈‧貝爾普雷最佳插畫(Pura Belpre Illustrator Honor 2018) ☆ 2018年美國圖書館協會最佳童書獎(ALA Notable Children's Book 2018) ☆2017年美國《紐約時報》(New York Times)最佳童書插畫獎(Best Illustrated Children's Book of 2017) ☆ 2017年美國紐約公共圖書館最佳童書插畫獎(New York Public Library Best Illustrated Children's Book of 2017 ) ☆2017年美國巴諾書店最佳圖書(Barnes & Noble Best Book of 2017) ☆ 2017年美國史密森尼學會前十大兒童好書(Smithsonian Top Ten Best Children's Book of 2017)★5~7歲親子共讀★7歲以上可自行閱讀

《建國方略》是孫文於1917年至1920年期間完成的3本著作的合訂本。它們分別是： 一、心理建設《孫文學說》於1919年完稿；二、物質建設《實業計畫》原以英文發表，於1920年完稿，1921年出中文本並加序，英文本名為《The International Development of China》；三、社會建設《民權初步》於1917年完稿，原名《會議通則》。

In this #1 national bestseller, “master storyteller” (Houston Chronicle) Stephen King, writing as Richard Bachman, tells the tale of the contestants of a grueling walking competition where there can o

Powerful strategies for how to out-think the competition, from a great of the advertising worldTwo explorers are walking through the jungle.Suddenly they hear a tiger roar.One explorer sits down and t

"Richard Scarry has some competition" according to Kirkus in this board book edition of a story that celebrates community.Rising, wakingBread is bakingSchool bus honks its horn Who are the people in y

Bestselling business coach's advice on how to always keep a vital step ahead of the competition The very best didn't get there by accident. The best have a different way of thinking and acting in the

18 Easy Step-by-Step Lessons With Models and Writing Frames That Guide All Students to Succeed

字詞、用例、文法一應俱全，點線面提升英語實力！ ◎點的突破全書總詞目高達67,500條，滿足廣泛需求！附錄特別獻上英美辭典權威評選的「21世紀風雲詞彙」(Word of the Year)，掌握時下新字新解！◎線的連貫字詞的原義、引申義分層標明，舉一反三、觸類旁通！搭配欄羅列重要字詞的常見搭配組合，另有語法、字源、同義字等解說單元，加強活用能力！ ◎面的整合書末附有「英文文法總整理」，各類詞性與句

Cosmetic surgery in China has grown rapidly in recent years of dramatic social transition. Facing fierce competition in all spheres of daily life, more and more women consider cosmetic surgery as an i