Computational Complexity

Recent years have witnessed the development of computational geomechanics as an important branch of engineering. The use of modern computational techniques makes it possible to deal with many comple

The Computational Brain is the first unified and broadly accessible book to bring together computational concepts and behavioral data within a neurobiological framework. Churchland and Sejnowski addr

These notes are based on a series of lectures given at the Advanced Research Institute of Discrete Applied Mathematics held at Rutgers University. Their aim is to link together algorithmic problems arising in knot theory, statistical physics and classical combinatorics. Apart from the theory of computational complexity concerned with enumeration problems, introductions are given to several of the topics treated, such as combinatorial knot theory, randomised approximation algorithms, percolation and random cluster models. To researchers in discrete mathematics, computer science and statistical physics, this book will be of great interest, but any non-expert should find it an appealing guide to a very active area of research.

Communication Complexity describes a new intuitive model for studying circuit networks that captures the essence of circuit depth. Although the complexity of boolean functions has been studied for alm

This 1987 volume presents a collection of papers given at the 1985 Durham Symposium on homotopy theory. They survey recent developments in the subject including localisation and periodicity, computational complexity, and the algebraic K-theory of spaces.

This volume explores computational vaccine design and the technologies that support it. Chapters have been divided into four parts detailing immunonics and system immunology, databases, prediction of antigenicity and immunogenicity, and computational vaccinology. Written in the format of the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, each chapter includes an introduction to the topic, lists necessary materials and reagents, includes tips on troubleshooting and known pitfalls, and step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Computational Vaccine Design: Methods and Protocols aims to reflect on the rigorous and imaginative use of computational technologies to help catalyze future efforts and to improve global public health through the development of a broad range of novel vaccines.

A new paradigm for scientific discovery through computational tools now permeates every aspect of astronomical research. Computational astrophysics combines modern computational methods, novel hardware designs, advanced algorithms, original software implementations, and associated technologies to discover new phenomena and to make predictions in astronomy. The proceedings of IAU Symposium 362 summarizes ongoing developments in computational astrophysics through astronomers in diverse fields sharing their knowledge and approaches. It focuses on computational methods applied to speed up and broaden the scope of scientific studies, such as finding trends in observational data, high performance computing, automated search algorithms, and model predictability. Experts discuss a palette of challenging informational and technical developments, with the goal of coordinating their efforts and the improvement of techniques in pursuit of a wide range of astronomical studies, including fluid dynam

An original comprehensive guide on computational nanomechanics discussing basic concepts and implications in areas such as computational physics, materials, mechanics and engineering as well as several other interdisciplinary avenues. This book makes the underlying theory accessible to readers without specialised training or extensive background in quantum physics, statistical mechanics, or theoretical chemistry. It combines a careful treatment of theoretical concepts with a detailed tutorial on computer software and computing implementation, including multiscale simulation and computational statistical theory. Multidisciplinary perspectives are provided, yielding a true insight on the applications of computational nanomechanics across diverse engineering fields. The book can serve as a practical guide with step-by-step discussion of coding, example problems and case studies. This book will be essential reading for students new to the subject, as well as an excellent reference for gra

Computational thinking is increasingly gaining importance in modern biology, due to the unprecedented scale at which data is nowadays produced. Bridging the cultural gap between the biological and computational sciences, this book serves as an accessible introduction to computational concepts for students in the life sciences. It focuses on teaching algorithmic and logical thinking, rather than just the use of existing bioinformatics tools or programming. Topics are presented from a biological point of view, to demonstrate how computational approaches can be used to solve problems in biology such as biological image processing, regulatory networks, and sequence analysis. The book contains a range of pedagogical features to aid understanding, including real-world examples, in-text exercises, end-of-chapter problems, colour-coded Python code, and 'code explained' boxes. User-friendly throughout, Computational Thinking for Life Scientists promotes the thinking skills and self-efficacy req

Computational thinking is increasingly gaining importance in modern biology, due to the unprecedented scale at which data is nowadays produced. Bridging the cultural gap between the biological and computational sciences, this book serves as an accessible introduction to computational concepts for students in the life sciences. It focuses on teaching algorithmic and logical thinking, rather than just the use of existing bioinformatics tools or programming. Topics are presented from a biological point of view, to demonstrate how computational approaches can be used to solve problems in biology such as biological image processing, regulatory networks, and sequence analysis. The book contains a range of pedagogical features to aid understanding, including real-world examples, in-text exercises, end-of-chapter problems, colour-coded Python code, and 'code explained' boxes. User-friendly throughout, Computational Thinking for Life Scientists promotes the thinking skills and self-efficacy req

In Complexity Economics for Environmental Governance, Jean-François Mercure reframes environmental policy and provides a rigorous methodology necessary to tackle the complexity of environmental policy and the transition to sustainability. The book offers a detailed account of the deficiencies of environmental economics and then develops a theory of innovation and macroeconomics based on complexity theory. It also develops a new foundation for evidence-based policy-making using a Risk-Opportunity Analysis applied to the sustainability transition. This multidisciplinary work was developed in partnership with prominent natural scientists and economists as well as active policy-makers with the aim to revolutionize thinking in the face of the full complexity of the sustainability transition, and to show how it can best be governed to minimize its distributional impacts. The book should be read by academics and policy-makers seeking new ways to think about environmental policy-making.

Up-to-date edition of Computational Geomechanics, broadening the focus of the first edition to include more applications This extended second edition of the highly successful book Computational Geomec

Applications of Computational Intelligence in Multi-Disciplinary Research provides readers with a comprehensive handbook for applying the powerful principles, concepts and algorithms of Computational

Language resources and computational models are becoming increasingly important for the study of language variation. A main challenge of this interdisciplinary field is that linguistics researchers may not be familiar with these helpful computational tools and many NLP researchers are often not familiar with language variation phenomena. This essential reference introduces researchers to the necessary computational models for processing similar languages, varieties, and dialects. In this book, leading experts tackle the inherent challenges of the field by balancing a thorough discussion of the theoretical background with a meaningful overview of state-of-the-art language technology. The book can be used in a graduate course, or as a supplementary text for courses on language variation, dialectology, and sociolinguistics or on computational linguistics and NLP. Part 1 covers the linguistic fundamentals of the field such as the question of status and language variation. Part 2 discusses

This book aims to illuminate theoretical and methodological advances in computational cultural neuroscience and the implications of these advances for philosophy.

This book aims to illuminate theoretical and methodological advances in computational cultural neuroscience and the implications of these advances for philosophy.

Learn how to apply cognitive principles to the problems of computer vision Computational Models for Cognitive Vision formulates the computational models for the cognitive principles found in bio

Communication complexity is the mathematical study of scenarios where several parties need to communicate to achieve a common goal, a situation that naturally appears during computation. This introduction presents the most recent developments in an accessible form, providing the language to unify several disjoint research subareas. Written as a guide for a graduate course on communication complexity, it will interest a broad audience in computer science, from advanced undergraduates to researchers in areas ranging from theory to algorithm design to distributed computing. The first part presents basic theory in a clear and illustrative way, offering beginners an entry into the field. The second part describes applications including circuit complexity, proof complexity, streaming algorithms, extension complexity of polytopes, and distributed computing. Proofs throughout the text use ideas from a wide range of mathematics, including geometry, algebra, and probability. Each chapter contain

Proof complexity is a rich subject drawing on methods from logic, combinatorics, algebra and computer science. This self-contained book presents the basic concepts, classical results, current state of the art and possible future directions in the field. It stresses a view of proof complexity as a whole entity rather than a collection of various topics held together loosely by a few notions, and it favors more generalizable statements. Lower bounds for lengths of proofs, often regarded as the key issue in proof complexity, are of course covered in detail. However, upper bounds are not neglected: this book also explores the relations between bounded arithmetic theories and proof systems and how they can be used to prove upper bounds on lengths of proofs and simulations among proof systems. It goes on to discuss topics that transcend specific proof systems, allowing for deeper understanding of the fundamental problems of the subject.

An introduction to computational thinking that traces a genealogy beginning centuries before the digital computer.A few decades into the digital era, scientists discovered that thinking in terms of co

This detailed book provides state-of-art computational approaches to further explore the exciting opportunities presented by single-cell technologies. Chapters each detail a computational toolbox aime

The contemporary material culture--everyday objects surrounding us--is dominated by massmanufactured products, but Digital Fabrication together with Computational Design (also calledgenerative or para

This book stages a dialogue between international researchers from the broad fields of complexity science and narrative studies. It presents an edited collection of chapters on aspects of how narrativ

This thorough book provides a collection of techniques used in the emerging field of computational chemogenomics, which is an integration of chemoinformatics, bioinformatics, computer science, statist

Until a few years ago, new materials could only be discovered experimentally. Now the situation is dramatically different with advances in computational techniques. This is the first book to provide a

Computational Quantum Chemistry: Insights into Polymerization Reactions consolidates extensive research results, couples them with computational quantum chemistry (CQC) methods applicable to polymeriz

Annual Reports in Computational Chemistry, Volume 14, provides timely and critical reviews of important topics in computational chemistry. Topics covered in this series include quantum chemistry, mole

Computational Non-coding RNA Biology is a resource for the computation of non-coding RNAs. The book covers computational methods for the identification and quantification of non-coding RNAs, including

Computational Structural Mechanics: Static and Dynamic Behaviors provides a cutting-edge treatment of functionally graded materials and the computational methods and solutions of FG static and vibrati

The LNCS journal Transactions on Computational Science reflects recent developments in the field of Computational Science, conceiving the field not as a mere ancillary science but rather as an innovat

This book highlights major issues related to big data analysis using computational intelligence techniques, mostly interdisciplinary in nature. It comprises chapters on computational intelligence tech

Algebraic and Combinatorial Computational Biology introduces students and researchers to a panorama of powerful and current methods for mathematical problem-solving in modern computational biology. Pr

Introduction to Quantitative Macroeconomics Using Julia: From Basic to State-of-the-Art Computational Techniques facilitates access to fundamental techniques in computational and quantitative macroeco

This book covers studies of computational thinking related to linking, infusing, and embedding computational thinking elements to school curricula, teacher education and STEM related subjects. Present

Computational approaches dominate contemporary cognitive science, promising a unified, scientific explanation of how the mind works. However, computational approaches raise major philosophical and sci

Based on the first Workshop for Women in Computational Topology that took place in 2016, this volume assembles new research and applications in computational topology. Featured articles range ov

Managing Complexity: Earth Systems and Strategies for the Future introduces and explores systems and complexity in relation to near-synchronous world and environmental problems. These relate to but ar

This collection of essays explores the different ways the insights from complexity theory can be applied to law. Complexity theory – a variant of systems theory – views law as an emergent, complex, se

This book presents the latest computational models of rhythm and meter that are based on number theory, combinatorics and pattern matching. Two computational models of rhythm and meter are evaluated:

Codify: Parametric and Computational Design in Landscape Architecture provides a series of essays that explore what it means to use, modify and create computational tools in a contemporary desig