1. In April 2024, the IASB issued IFRS 18 Presentation and Disclosure in FinancialStatements, which supersedes IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements and willbecome mandatory for annual reporting periods beginning on or after 1 January2027. IFRS 18 establishes a more structured income statement, requiring companiesto classify income and expenses into three new categories-operating, investing,and financing-in addition to the existing categories of income tax and discontinuedoperations. To support these categories, the standard also mandates the presentationof two key subtotals: "operating profit or loss" and "profit or loss beforefinancing and income taxes." These changes aim to improve the comparability offinancial performance across companies and industries, as well as increase transparency.Chapters 5, 13, and 15 have been revised to incorporate IFRS 18, includingthe introduction of the new standard and updated illustrations in accordance withits requirements.2. The issuance of IF