The Discourses of Epictetus: A series of informal lectures by the Stoic philosopher Epictetus written down by his pupil Arrian around 108 AD

This book presents the complete philosophical discourses of Epictetus, as recorded by his pupil Arrian, offering a profound exploration of Stoic philosophy. It meticulously distinguishes between what is within human control (will, opinions, judgments, desires, aversions) and what is external and beyond control (body, possessions, reputation, events). The core teaching emphasizes cultivating virtue, reason, self-control, and inner tranquility to achieve true freedom and happiness, advocating for a life lived in accordance with nature and divine will. Epictetus critiques the mere intellectualization of philosophy, stressing the importance of practical application and consistent self-mastery in daily life. Key themes include the nature of good and evil, the pursuit of freedom from perturbation, the role of duty, and the proper use of 'preconceptions' and 'appearances'. The text frequently references figures like Socrates and Diogenes as exemplars of Stoic ideals and contrasts its views with those of Epicureanism and Pyrrhonism. This edition also includes an introduction discussing the translation's methodology and historical context, along with extensive scholarly notes and commentary that compare Epictetus's teachings with other ancient philosophers and Christian doctrines, providing rich textual and historical insights.