Functional Analysis Methods for Reliability Models

Since economies are dynamic processes driven by creativity, social norms, and emotions as well as rational calculation, why do economists largely study them using static equilibrium models and narrow rationalistic assumptions? Economic activity is as much a function of imagination and social sentiments as of the rational optimisation of given preferences and goods. In this book, Richard Bronk argues that economists can best model and explain these creative and social aspects of markets by using new structuring assumptions and metaphors derived from the poetry and philosophy of the Romantics. By bridging the divide between literature and science, and between Romanticism and narrow forms of Rationalism, economists can access grounding assumptions, models, and research methods suitable for comprehending the creativity and social dimensions of economic activity. This is a guide to how economists and other social scientists can broaden their analytical repertoire to encompass the vital role

Drawing on a wide range of mathematical disciplines, including geometry, analysis, applied mathematics and algebra, this book presents an innovative synthesis of methods used to study problems of equivalence and symmetry which arise in a variety of mathematical fields and physical applications. Systematic and constructive methods for solving equivalence problems and calculating symmetries are developed and applied to a wide variety of mathematical systems, including differential equations, variational problems, manifolds, Riemannian metrics, polynomials and differential operators. Particular emphasis is given to the construction and classification of invariants, and to the reductions of complicated objects to simple canonical forms. This book will be a valuable resource for students and researchers in geometry, analysis, algebra, mathematical physics and other related fields.

Label-free biosensors are devices that use biological or chemical receptors to detect analytes (molecules) in a sample. They give detailed information on the selectivity, affinity, and, in many cases, also the binding kinetics and thermodynamics of an interaction. Although they can be powerful tools in the hands of a skilled user, there is often a lack of knowledge of the best methods for using label-free assays to screen for biologically active molecules and accurately and precisely characterize molecular recognition events. This book reviews both established and newer label-free techniques giving both the expert user and the general reader interested in the technologies and applications behind label-free an insight into the field from expert opinion leaders and practitioners of the technologies. Most importantly, chapters contain worked examples from leaders in the field that take the reader through the basics of experimental design, setup, assay development, and data analysis.

Since economies are dynamic processes driven by creativity, social norms, and emotions as well as rational calculation, why do economists largely study them using static equilibrium models and narrow rationalistic assumptions? Economic activity is as much a function of imagination and social sentiments as of the rational optimisation of given preferences and goods. In this book, Richard Bronk argues that economists can best model and explain these creative and social aspects of markets by using new structuring assumptions and metaphors derived from the poetry and philosophy of the Romantics. By bridging the divide between literature and science, and between Romanticism and narrow forms of Rationalism, economists can access grounding assumptions, models, and research methods suitable for comprehending the creativity and social dimensions of economic activity. This is a guide to how economists and other social scientists can broaden their analytical repertoire to encompass the vital role

Label-free biosensors are devices that use biological or chemical receptors to detect analytes (molecules) in a sample. They give detailed information on the selectivity, affinity, and, in many cases, also the binding kinetics and thermodynamics of an interaction. Although they can be powerful tools in the hands of a skilled user, there is often a lack of knowledge of the best methods for using label-free assays to screen for biologically active molecules and accurately and precisely characterize molecular recognition events. This book reviews both established and newer label-free techniques giving both the expert user and the general reader interested in the technologies and applications behind label-free an insight into the field from expert opinion leaders and practitioners of the technologies. Most importantly, chapters contain worked examples from leaders in the field that take the reader through the basics of experimental design, setup, assay development, and data analysis.

Interventional radiological techniques are becoming increasingly important in the treatment of both primary and secondary malignant liver tumours. Surgery for liver tumours can be effective but carries considerable risks and new techniques have recently been developed. This volume provides an account of interventional radiological methods by some of the greatest experts in the field. It includes chapters on cryotherapy, chemoembolization and radiofrequency ablation and an extensive chapter on imaging techniques. The scientific background of these techniques, the pathology of the diseases involved and an analysis of more traditional surgical methods are also described. This text brings together the latest advances in this fast-developing field.

The distribution of elements in the cosmos is the result of many processes, and it provides a powerful tool to study the Big Bang, the density of baryonic matter, nucleosynthesis and the formation and evolution of stars and galaxies. Covering many exciting topics in astrophysics and cosmology, this textbook, by a pioneer of the field, provides a lucid and wide-ranging introduction to the interdisciplinary subject of galactic chemical evolution for advanced undergraduates and graduate students. It is also an authoritative overview for researchers and professional scientists. This new edition includes results from recent space missions and new material on abundances from stellar populations, nebular analysis, and meteoric isotopic anomalies, and abundance analysis of X-ray gas. Simple derivations for key results are provided, together with problems and helpful solution hints, enabling the student to develop an understanding of results from numerical models and real observations.

How useful is the concept of "network" for historical studies and the ancient world in particular? Using theoretical models of social network analysis, this book illuminates aspects of the economic, s

This book provides the basic models and methods for the profitable use and marketing of advanced technology. It provides a guide to developing and administering marketing plans, conducting market rese

The BUGS (Bayesian inference Using Gibbs Sampling) project is concerned with free, flexible software for the Bayesian analysis of complex statistical models using Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) meth

Analytic combinatorics aims to enable precise quantitative predictions of the properties of large combinatorial structures. The theory has emerged over recent decades as essential both for the analysis of algorithms and for the study of scientific models in many disciplines, including probability theory, statistical physics, computational biology, and information theory. With a careful combination of symbolic enumeration methods and complex analysis, drawing heavily on generating functions, results of sweeping generality emerge that can be applied in particular to fundamental structures such as permutations, sequences, strings, walks, paths, trees, graphs and maps. This account is the definitive treatment of the topic. The authors give full coverage of the underlying mathematics and a thorough treatment of both classical and modern applications of the theory. The text is complemented with exercises, examples, appendices and notes to aid understanding. The book can be used for an advanc

Methods of non-equilibrium statistical mechanics play an increasingly important role in modern turbulence research, yet the range of relevant tools and methods is so wide and developing so fast that until now there has not been a single book covering the subject. As an introduction to modern methods of statistical mechanics in turbulence, this volume rectifies that situation. The book comprises three harmonised lecture courses by world class experts in statistical physics and turbulence: John Cardy introduces Field Theory and Non-Equilibrium Statistical Mechanics; Gregory Falkovich discusses Turbulence Theory as part of Statistical Physics; and Krzysztof Gawedzki examines Soluble Models of Turbulent Transport. To encourage readers to deepen their understanding of the theoretical material, each chapter contains exercises with solutions. Essential reading for students and researchers in the field of theoretical turbulence, this volume will also interest any scientist or engineer who appl

Dependence with complete connections is a more general type of stochastic process than the well-known Markovian dependence, accounting for a complete history of a stochastic evolution. This book is an authoritative survey of knowledge of the subject, dealing with the basic theoretical understanding and also with applications. These arise in a variety of situations as diverse as stochastic models of learning, branching processes in random environments, continued fractions and dynamical systems. Thus the book will appeal to mathematicians working in probability theory, ergodic theory and number theory, as well as applied mathematicians, engineers, biologists and social scientists interested in applications of stochastic methods.

If you're looking to understand photonic crystals, this systematic, rigorous, and pedagogical introduction is a must. Here you'll find intuitive analytical and semi-analytical models applied to complex and practically relevant photonic crystal structures. You will also be shown how to use various analytical methods borrowed from quantum mechanics, such as perturbation theory, asymptotic analysis, and group theory, to investigate many of the limiting properties of photonic crystals which are otherwise difficult to rationalize using only numerical simulations. An introductory review of nonlinear guiding in photonic lattices is also presented, as are the fabrication and application of photonic crystals. In addition, end-of-chapter exercise problems with detailed analytical and numerical solutions allow you to monitor your understanding of the material presented. This accessible text is ideal for researchers and graduate students studying photonic crystals in departments of electrical engi

Incompressible computational fluid dynamics is an emerging and important discipline, with numerous applications in industry and science. Its methods employ rigourous mathematical analysis far beyond what is presently possible for compressible flows. Vortex methods, finite elements, and spectral methods are emphasised. Contributions from leading experts in the various sub-fields portray the wide-ranging nature of the subject. The book provides an entrée into the current research in the field. It can also serve as a source book for researchers and others who require information on methods and techniques.

This book provides an account of developments and applications of social accounts. It concentrates particularly on the methods of social accounting that Richard Stone, Nobel Laureate in Economics, developed and applied during his long and distinguished career. The contributors to the volume examine applications of social accounts in economics and demography, addressing issues of new formulations and specifications at the national and regional levels. Economic structure and issues of structural change are investigated within the context of social accounts matrices, and Linear Expenditure Systems are used to model population change and household consumption. The importance of social accounts matrices (SAM) in generating Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) models and the enormous potential that both SAM and CGE models have for policy analysis are stressed.

The Unprovability of Consistency is concerned with connections between two branches of logic: proof theory and modal logic. Modal logic is the study of the principles that govern the concepts of necessity and possibility; proof theory is, in part, the study of those that govern provability and consistency. In this book, George Boolos looks at the principles of provability from the standpoint of modal logic. In doing so, he provides two perspectives on a debate in modal logic that has persisted for at least thirty years between the followers of C. I. Lewis and W. V. O. Quine. The author employs semantic methods developed by Saul Kripke in his analysis of modal logical systems. The book will be of interest to advanced undergraduate and graduate students in logic, mathematics and philosophy, as well as to specialists in those fields.

This book is concerned with the bifurcation theory, the study of the changes in the structures of the solution of ordinary differential equations as parameters of the model vary. The theory has developed rapidly over the past two decades. Chapters 1 and 2 of the book introduce two systematic methods of simplifying equations: centre manifold theory and normal form theory, by which the dimension of equations may be reduced and the forms changed so that they are as simple as possible. Chapters 3–5 of the book study in considerable detail the bifurcation of those one- or two-dimensional equations with one, two or several parameters. This book is aimed at mathematicians and graduate students interested in dynamical systems, ordinary differential equations and/or bifurcation theory. The basic knowledge required by this book is advanced calculus, functional analysis and qualitative theory of ordinary differential equations.

This text is intended for a beginning graduate course on convexity methods for PDEs. The generality chosen by the author puts this under the classification of "functional analysis". The applications,

This text emphasizes contemporary research problems to better illustrate the relevance of statistical analysis in scientific research. All statistical methods are introduced in the context of a realis

Vladimir Gribov was one of the founding fathers of high-energy elementary particle physics. This book derives from a lecture course he delivered to graduate students in the 1970s. It thus provides today's graduate students and researchers with the opportunity to learn from the teaching of one of the twentieth century's greatest physicists. Its content is still deeply relevant to modern research, for example exploring properties of the relativistic theory of hadron interactions in a domain of peripheral collisions and large distances that quantum chromodynamics has barely approached. It covers a combination of topics not treated elsewhere, whilst remaining self-contained and thus accessible at graduate level. In guiding the reader, step-by-step, from the basics of quantum mechanics and relativistic kinematics to the most challenging problems of high-energy hadron interactions with simplifying models and physical analogies, it demonstrates general methods of addressing difficult problems

Written to complement the second edition of best-selling textbook Introductory Econometrics for Finance, this book provides a comprehensive introduction to the use of the Regression Analysis of Time Series (RATS) software for modelling in finance and beyond. It provides numerous worked examples with carefully annotated code and detailed explanations of the outputs, giving readers the knowledge and confidence to use the software for their own research and to interpret their own results. A wide variety of important modelling approaches are covered, including such topics as time-series analysis and forecasting, volatility modelling, limited dependent variable and panel methods, switching models and simulations methods. The book is supported by an accompanying website containing freely downloadable data and RATS instructions.

Written to complement the second edition of best-selling textbook Introductory Econometrics for Finance, this book provides a comprehensive introduction to the use of the Regression Analysis of Time Series (RATS) software for modelling in finance and beyond. It provides numerous worked examples with carefully annotated code and detailed explanations of the outputs, giving readers the knowledge and confidence to use the software for their own research and to interpret their own results. A wide variety of important modelling approaches are covered, including such topics as time-series analysis and forecasting, volatility modelling, limited dependent variable and panel methods, switching models and simulations methods. The book is supported by an accompanying website containing freely downloadable data and RATS instructions.

This 1992 book traces the ways in which Mark Twain was formed by, and sought to manipulate, the ideology of gender. Feminine and masculine values exist via their opposition to and interplay with each other, and Twain, a representative masculine figure, provides a useful focal point for an exploration of the subject. Not only did Twain address himself directly to the conflicting and complementary aspects of gendered culture, but his models of history are strongly marked by the same issue: his exploitation of North/male - South/female associations is investigated, as well as the significance of individual figures such as Joan of Arc. Stoneley considers the range of Twain's writing, including classic works such as Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, genteel fiction such as The Prince and the Pauper and embittered autobiographical fragments. Stoneley goes beyond generalizations to provide a detailed analysis; his book will be of interest to scholars and students of American literature, cultura

The demand for functional foods and neutraceuticals is on the rise, leaving product development companies racing to improve bioactive compound extraction methods – a key component of functional foods

The core methods in today's econometric toolkit are linear regression for statistical control, instrumental variables methods for the analysis of natural experiments, and differences-in-differences m

A Clear Outline of Current Methods for Designing and Implementing Automotive SystemsHighlighting requirements, technologies, and business models, the Automotive Embedded Systems Handbook provides a co

The purpose of this book is threefold: to be used for graduate courses on integral equations; to be a reference for researchers; and to describe methods of application of the theory. The author emphasizes the role of Volterra equations as a unifying tool in the study of functional equations, and investigates the relation between abstract Volterra equations and other types of functional-differential equations.

This book attempts for the first time to provide an overview of the major approaches to biological and medical imaging, the strategies for image analysis and the creation of models, which are based on

This book and companion DVD provide a comprehensive set of modeling methods for data and uncertainty analysis, taking readers beyond mainstream methods described in standard texts. The emphasis throu

Advances in Quantitative Analysis of Finance and Accounting (New Series) is an annual publication designed to disseminate developments in the quantitative analysis of finance and accounting. The publication is a forum for statistical and quantitative analyses of issues in finance and accounting as well as applications of quantitative methods to problems in financial management, financial accounting, and business management. The objective is to promote interaction between academic research in finance and accounting and applied research in the financial community and the accounting profession. The papers in this volume cover a wide range of topics including corporate finance and debt management, earnings management, equity market, auditing, option pricing theory, and interest rate theory. In this volume there are eleven chapters, five of them are corporate finance and debt management: 1. Liquidity and Adverse Selection: Evidence from the Five-or-Fewer Rule Change; 2. Changing Busin

Entropy quantities are connected with the 'degree of compactness' of compact or precompact spaces, and so are appropriate tools for investigating linear and compact operators between Banach spaces. The main intention of this Tract is to study the relations between compactness and other analytical properties, e.g. approximability and eigenvalue sequences, of such operators. The authors present many generalized results, some of which have not appeared in the literature before. In the final chapter, the authors demonstrate that, to a certain extent, the geometry of Banach spaces can also be developed on the basis of operator theory. All mathematicians working in functional analysis and operator theory will welcome this work as a reference or for advanced graduate courses.

Measure Theory has played an important part in the development of functional analysis: it has been the source of many examples for functional analysis, including some which have been leading cases for major advances in the general theory, and certain results in measure theory have been applied to prove general results in analysis. Often the ordinary functional analyst finds the language and a style of measure theory a stumbling block to a full understanding of these developments. Dr Fremlin's aim in writing this book is therefore to identify those concepts in measure theory which are most relevant to functional analysis and to integrate them into functional analysis in a way consistent with that subject's structure and habits of thought. This is achieved by approaching measure theory through the properties of Riesz spaces and especially topological Riesz spaces. Thus this book gathers together material which is not readily available elsewhere in a single collection and presents it in a

The authors believe that a proper treatment of probability theory requires an adequate background in the theory of finite measures in general spaces. The first part of their book sets out this material in a form that not only provides an introduction for intending specialists in measure theory but also meets the needs of students of probability. The theory of measure and integration is presented for general spaces, with Lebesgue measure and the Lebesgue integral considered as important examples whose special properties are obtained. The introduction to functional analysis which follows covers the material (such as the various notions of convergence) which is relevant to probability theory and also the basic theory of L2-spaces, important in modern physics. The second part of the book is an account of the fundamental theoretical ideas which underlie the applications of probability in statistics and elsewhere, developed from the results obtained in the first part. A large number of examp

This book provides an introduction to the rapidly expanding theory of stochastic integration and martingales. The treatment is close to that developed by the French school of probabilists, but is more elementary than other texts. The presentation is abstract, but largely self-contained and Dr Kopp makes fewer demands on the reader's background in probability theory than is usual. He gives a fairly full discussion of the measure theory and functional analysis needed for martingale theory, and describes the role of Brownian motion and the Poisson process as paradigm examples in the construction of abstract stochastic integrals. An appendix provides the reader with a glimpse of very recent developments in non-commutative integration theory which are of considerable importance in quantum mechanics. Thus equipped, the reader will have the necessary background to understand research in stochastic analysis. As a textbook, this account will be ideally suited to beginning graduate students in p

Models and concepts of brain function have always been guided and limited by the available techniques and data. This book brings together a multitude of data from different backgrounds. It addresses questions such as: how do different brain areas interact in the process of channelling information? How do neuronal populations encode the information? How are networks formed and separated or associated with other networks? The authors present data at the single cell level both in vitro and in vivo, at the neuronal population level in vivo comparing field potentials (EEGs) in different brain areas, and also present data from spike recordings from identified neuronal populations during the performance of different tasks. Written for academic researchers and graduate students, the book strives to cover the range of single cell activity analysis to the observation of network activity, and finally to brain area activity and cognitive processes of the brain.

Late Nineteenth-Century American Development is an economist's attempt to interpret a critical period of US history, from Civil War to World War I. The questions raised have always been at the heart of American historiography. What accounts for the retardation up to the turn of the century? How did capital markets operate and what was their influence on the pace and pattern of our growth? What determined farm performance and what impact did that performance have on the economy as a whole? Yet while the questions raised in this book are familiar, the methods are not. This book blends traditional historical analysis with general equilibrium theory, modern macroeconomics and simulation analysis. The result is a provocative book of remarkable scope which offers a fresh interpretation of late nineteenth-century American growth.

Providing thorough coverage of the methods and tools required in studying historical and contemporary theatre, this Introduction examines the complexities of a rapidly changing and dynamic discipline. Following a cross-cultural perspective, the book surveys the ways theatre and performance are studied by looking initially at key elements such as performers, spectators and space. The central focus is on methodology, which is divided into sections covering theatre theory, historiography and textual and performance analysis. The book covers all the main theatrical genres - drama, opera and dance - providing students with a comparative, integrated perspective. Designed to guide students through the academic dimension of the discipline, the volume emphasizes questions of methodology, research techniques and approaches, and will therefore be relevant for a wide variety of theatre studies courses. Informative textboxes provide background on key topics, and suggestions for further reading are

After an overview of the fundamentals, limitations, and scope of reactive distillation, this book uses rigorous models for steady-state design and dynamic analysis of different types of reactive disti

Providing thorough coverage of the methods and tools required in studying historical and contemporary theatre, this Introduction examines the complexities of a rapidly changing and dynamic discipline. Following a cross-cultural perspective, the book surveys the ways theatre and performance are studied by looking initially at key elements such as performers, spectators and space. The central focus is on methodology, which is divided into sections covering theatre theory, historiography and textual and performance analysis. The book covers all the main theatrical genres - drama, opera and dance - providing students with a comparative, integrated perspective. Designed to guide students through the academic dimension of the discipline, the volume emphasizes questions of methodology, research techniques and approaches, and will therefore be relevant for a wide variety of theatre studies courses. Informative textboxes provide background on key topics, and suggestions for further reading are