Development and Software Engineering

This book is the first to give a comprehensive review of the theory, fabrication, characterisation, and device applications of abrupt, shallow, and narrow doping profiles in semiconductors. Such doping profiles are a key element in the development of modern semiconductor technology. After an introductory chapter setting out the basic theoretical and experimental concepts involved, the fabrication of abrupt and narrow doping profiles by several different techniques, including epitaxial growth, is discussed. The techniques for characterising doping distributions are then presented, followed by several chapters devoted to the inherent physical properties of narrow doping profiles. The latter part of the book deals with specific devices. The book will be of great interest to graduate students, researchers and engineers in the fields of semiconductor physics and microelectronic engineering.

A climate of arctic severity prevailed in Britain throughout much of the last two million years, resulting in the widespread formation of a great range of periglacial landforms and deposits. Many of these features provide key evidence for understanding the evolution of the present landscape and reconstructing former climate. Appreciation of the significance of periglacial deposits and structures is also important in many engineering operations and in understanding the development of present-day soils. This book, first published in 1994, provides a synthesis of theory in periglacial geomorphology and applies this to the study of periglacial phenomena in Great Britain. The first part of the book introduces the chronological and environmental background to periglaciation in Britain. The second and third parts deal respectively with the periglaciation of lowland Britain and upland Britain. The book concludes by considering the implications of periglacial phenomena for environmental reconst

The first practical guide to using reengineering to dramatically improve the development and success of new products. Executives, product development teams and engineering design groups will see how t

There has been an explosion of interest in the study of molecular crystals, and their applications in optics and electronics. This advanced 1994 textbook describes their chemical and physical structure, their optical and electronic properties and the reactions between neighbouring molecules in crystals. The author has taken into account research areas which have undergone extremely rapid development since the first edition was published in 1987. For instance, this edition features the applications of molecular materials in high-technology devices. There is also an additional chapter on C60 and organic non-linear optic materials. The level of treatment is aimed at first-year postgraduates or workers in industrial research laboratories wishing to gain insights into organic solid state materials. Molecular Crystals is also suitable for special topics in final year undergraduate courses in chemistry, physics and electronic engineering.

There has been an explosion of interest in the study of molecular crystals, and their applications in optics and electronics. This advanced 1994 textbook describes their chemical and physical structure, their optical and electronic properties and the reactions between neighbouring molecules in crystals. The author has taken into account research areas which have undergone extremely rapid development since the first edition was published in 1987. For instance, this edition features the applications of molecular materials in high-technology devices. There is also an additional chapter on C60 and organic non-linear optic materials. The level of treatment is aimed at first-year postgraduates or workers in industrial research laboratories wishing to gain insights into organic solid state materials. Molecular Crystals is also suitable for special topics in final year undergraduate courses in chemistry, physics and electronic engineering.

A guide to the use of low-pressure pipelines instead of canals for the distribution of irrigation water. Highlights the local techniques using local industries, and the areas where these techniques ar

Life-Cycle Assessment presents a brief overview of the development of the life-cycle assessment process and develops guidelines and principles for implementation of a product life-cycle inventory anal

This book shows, for the first time, how modern biotechnology grew out of this century's hopes for a new relationship between biology and engineering. Long before recombinant DNA, these promised a new kind of technology. By exploring the rich and surprisingly overlooked complex of prophesies, industrial and scientific development and government programs, the book sheds new light on the expectations now held for biotechnology. A world-wide view, covering developments, not just in America but also in Europe and Japan, uncovers surprising links. This makes possible a coherent story to supersede the historical notes which have been available until now. This first history of biotechnology provides a readable and challenging account that will appeal to anyone interested in the development of this key component of modern industry.

When software systems are delivered too late, when they fail to meet the needs of their users, when only a fraction of their capacity is used, when their maintenance costs more than their development,

The two volumes that comprise this work provide a comprehensive guide and source book on the marine use of composite materials. This first volume, Fundamental Aspects, provides a rigourous development of theory. Areas covered include materials science, environmental aspects, production technology, structural analysis and the role of standard test procedures. These volumes will provide an introduction to this important and fast-growing area for students and researchers in naval architecture and maritime engineering. It will also be of value to practising engineers as a comprehensive reference book.

Assesses the benefits of reverse engineering as a workable strategy for software maintenance. Describes and analyzes the methodological issues and tools which support reverse engineering, explaining h

Shell structures are widely used in the fields of civil, mechanical, architectural, aeronautical, and marine engineering. Shell technology has been enhanced by the development of new materials and pre

This is the first book devoted to the role of chemical synthetic techniques in the development of advanced ceramic materials. It bridges the gap between existing volumes dealing with the properties of ceramic materials, for example their mechanical properties, and those on chemistry. The author describes the variety of advanced ceramics and their conventional synthesis and fabrication. This is followed by a description of the range of non-conventional synthetic methods. The basic chemistry of the synthesis is described and well-illustrated by reference to ceramics made on both laboratory and industrial scales. This resource book will be of value to anyone working with advanced ceramics in research laboratories, and to postgraduate students and research workers in chemistry, material science, physics, metallurgy and mechanical engineering departments involved with ceramic materials.

This 1991 volume contains the proceedings of the first international workshop on Logical Frameworks. The contributions are concerned with the application of logical reasoning and proof theory in computer science and its relevance to automatic theorem proving, and consequently topics such as artificial intelligence. It is the only source for much of this material and will be a necessary purchase for mathematicians and computer scientists undertaking research at the interface of logic and software engineering.

The application of time series techniques in economics has become increasingly important, both for forecasting purposes and in the empirical analysis of time series in general. In this book, Terence Mills not only brings together recent research at the frontiers of the subject, but also analyses the areas of most importance to applied economics. It is an up-to-date text which extends the basic techniques of analysis to cover the development of methods that can be used to analyse a wide range of economic problems. The book analyses three basic areas of time series analysis: univariate models, multivariate models, and non-linear models. In each case the basic theory is outlined and then extended to cover recent developments. Particular emphasis is placed on applications of the theory to important areas of applied economics and on the computer software and programs needed to implement the techniques. This book clearly distinguishes itself from its competitors by emphasising the techniques

Structured methodologies are a popular and powerful tool in information systems development. Many different ones exist, each employing a number of models and so a specification must be converted from one form to another during the development process. To solve this problem, Dr Tse proposes in this 1991 book a unifying framework behind popular structured models. He approaches the problem from the viewpoints of algebra and category theory. He not only develops the frameworks but also illustrates their practical and theoretical usefulness. Thus this book will provide insight for software engineers into how methodologies can be formalised and will open up a range of applications and problems for theoretical computer scientists.

The late twentieth century is undoubtedly the age of technology. Each technological development leads to more sophisticated devices and further scientific advances. Because of the pace of change, it is difficult to obtain a broad overview of the way fundamental science is linked to its everyday applications. Principles of Modern Technology describes the physical principles on which modern technology is based. Four primary areas have been singled out: computers and microelectronics, communications, nuclear energy and space flight. Each topic is treated in a way that gives the reader an insight into the underlying physics which makes the technology possible as well as the orders of magnitude involved. Based on a course taught at the University of Rochester, the book will be useful both as a textbook for courses in applied physics and engineering and as a reference book. It will be of interest to undergraduates taking introductory physics courses and anyone interested in modern technology

The late twentieth century is undoubtedly the age of technology. Each technological development leads to more sophisticated devices and further scientific advances. Because of the pace of change, it is difficult to obtain a broad overview of the way fundamental science is linked to its everyday applications. Principles of Modern Technology describes the physical principles on which modern technology is based. Four primary areas have been singled out: computers and microelectronics, communications, nuclear energy and space flight. Each topic is treated in a way that gives the reader an insight into the underlying physics which makes the technology possible as well as the orders of magnitude involved. Based on a course taught at the University of Rochester, the book will be useful both as a textbook for courses in applied physics and engineering and as a reference book. It will be of interest to undergraduates taking introductory physics courses and anyone interested in modern technology

This book presents the proceedings of the Ada-Europe International Conference held in Dublin, June 1990. These meetings constitute the most significant events in this field within Europe, and attract delegates from around the world. This year's conference takes as its theme the impact of technical and management issues in the software engineering economics of Ada, as well as technology transfer and training. With the start of a new decade in which Ada comes of age both in terms of use and acceptability, papers also assess the impact of Ada through descriptions of projects in which Ada has been used throughout their life cycle. Discussion of topical issues affecting the development of Ada-9X is also presented.

"Specification and transformation of programs" is short for a methodology of software development where, from a formal specification of a problem to be solved, programs correctly solving that problem

This outstanding collection is designed to address the fundamental issues and principles underlying the task of Artificial Intelligence. The editors have selected not only papers now recognized as classics but also many specially commissioned papers which examine the methodological and theoretical foundations of the discipline from a wide variety of perspectives: computer science and software engineering, cognitive psychology, philosophy, formal logic and linguistics. Carefully planned and structured, the volume tackles many of the contentious questions of immediate concern to AI researchers and interested observers. Is Artificial Intelligence in fact a discipline, or is it simply part of computer science? What is the role of programs in AI and how do they relate to theories? What is the nature of representation and implementation, and how should the challenge of connectionism be viewed? Can AI be characterized as an empirical science? The comprehensiveness of this collection is furthe

The rapid development of the theories of Volterra integral and functional equations has been strongly promoted by their applications in physics, engineering and biology. This text shows that the theory of Volterra equations exhibits a rich variety of features not present in the theory of ordinary differential equations. The book is divided into three parts. The first considers linear theory and the second deals with quasilinear equations and existence problems for nonlinear equations, giving some general asymptotic results. Part III is devoted to frequency domain methods in the study of nonlinear equations. The entire text analyses n-dimensional rather than scalar equations, giving greater generality and wider applicability and facilitating generalizations to infinite-dimensional spaces. The book is generally self-contained and assumes only a basic knowledge of analysis. The many exercises illustrate the development of the theory and its applications, making this book accessible to res

This text, by a leading authority in the field, presents a fundamental and factual development of the science and engineering underlying the design of combustion engines and turbines. An extensive ill

This text, by a leading authority in the field, presents a fundamental and factual development of the science and engineering underlying the design of combustion engines and turbines. An extensive ill

The Gunpowder Epic is one of three planned publications on military technology within Dr Needham's immense undertaking. The discovery of gunpowder in China by the 9th century AD was followed by its rapid applications. It is now clear that the whole development from bombs and grenades to the invention of the metal-barrel hand gun took place in the Chinese culture area before Europeans had any knowledge of the mixture itself. Uses in civil engineering and mechanical engineering were equally important, before the knowledge of gunpowder spread to Europe in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. Dr Needham's new work continues to demonstrate the major importance of Chinese science and technology to world history and maintains the tradition of one of the great scholarly works of the twentieth century.

This book explains how to plan, execute, analyse and write up an experiment. Experimentation is an essential part of science and engineering, being both the basis of discovery in science and an integral part of engineering development. The authors' aim is to provide instruction in how to perform a systematic experiment from its conception and design through to the communication of results. The text opens by laying the ground rules for the planning of an experiment, moving on to a description of measurement techniques and statistical analysis of results. An important feature of the book is the inclusion of a chapter on the interfacing of experimental equipment to microcomputers.

This is a textbook written for mechanical engineering students at first-year graduate level. As such, it emphasizes the development of finite element methods used in applied mechanics. The book starts with fundamental formulations of heat conduction and linear elasticity and derives the weak form (i.e. the principle of virtual work in elasticity) from a boundary value problem that represents the mechanical behaviour of solids and fluids. Finite element approximations are then derived from this weak form. The book contains many useful exercises and the author appropriately provides the student with computer programs in both BASIC and FORTRAN for solving them. Furthermore, a workbook is available with additional computer listings, and also an accompanying disc that contains the BASIC programs for use on IBM-PC microcomputers and their compatibles. Thus the usefulness and versatility of this text is enhanced by the student's ability to practise problem solving on accessible microcomputers

Here is an introductory text on metric spaces that is the first to be written for students who are as interested in the applications as in the theory. Knowledge of metric spaces is fundamental to understanding numerical methods (for example for solving differential equations) as well as analysis, yet most books at this level emphasise just the abstraction and theory. Dr Bryant uses applications to provide motivation and to sustain the development and discusses numerical procedures where appropriate. The reader is expected to have had some exposure to elementary analysis, but the author provides examples throughout to refresh the student's memory and to test and extend understanding. In short, this is an introductory textbook that will appeal to students of mathematics and engineering and will give them the required background for more advanced courses in both analysis and numerical analysis.

Kukai, more commonly known by the honorific Kobo Daishi, was one of the great characters in the development of Janpanese culture. He was active in literature, engineering, calligraphy, and architectur

'Science, Technology, and Society' - STS - has become a major educational theme. There are many courses in schools, universities and other institutions, dealing with all sorts of topics such as the history of science, energy policy, industrial innovation, technology assessment, Third World development, scientific method, and so on. But what is this subject really about? Why should it be taught? Who should study it? What should they learn? How should the subject be approached? Who should teach it? These questions are being asked by both teachers and students in many fields of science, engineering, medicine, social studies, and the humanities. This informal account of the rationale of STS education shows how many diverse factors are involved - the philosophy and sociology of science and education, social and cultural objectives, political ideologies, vocational needs, scholarly standards, institutional capabilities, etc., not to mention the practical realities of teaching and learning at

Suitable for a one-semester course in engineering or computer science programs, this text has hardware and software-oriented topics. It uses examples drawn from commercially available computers. The m

Dale (University of Texas) and Weems (University of Massachusetts) introduce C++, object-oriented programming, and software development in this text for undergraduates. The text covers many topics onc