Errors and Intelligence in Computer-Assisted Language Learning

Parents are the best reading teachers in the world. Parental involvement is key to a child learning to read, to use language - and to their whole early years education. This book presents simple strat

Epistemic logic has grown from its philosophical beginnings to find diverse applications in computer science as a means of reasoning about the knowledge and belief of agents. This book, based on courses taught at universities and summer schools, provides a broad introduction to the subject; many exercises are included together with their solutions. The authors begin by presenting the necessary apparatus from mathematics and logic, including Kripke semantics and the well-known modal logics K, T, S4 and S5. Then they turn to applications in the contexts of distributed systems and artificial intelligence: topics that are addressed include the notions of common knowledge, distributed knowledge, explicit and implicit belief, the interplays between knowledge and time, and knowledge and action, as well as a graded (or numerical) variant of the epistemic operators. The problem of logical omniscience is also discussed extensively. Halpern and Moses' theory of honest formulae is covered, and a d

In this lively series of essays, Tom Dean explores interesting fundamental topics in computer science with the aim of showing how computers and computer programs work and how the various subfields of computer science are connected. Along the way, he conveys his fascination with computers and enthusiasm for working in a field that has changed almost every aspect of our daily lives. The essays touch on a wide range of topics, from digital logic and machine language to artificial intelligence and searching the World Wide Web, considering such questions as: • How can a computer learn to recognize junk email? • What happens when you click on a link in a browser? • How can you program a robot to do two things at once? • Are there limits on what computers can do? The author invites readers to experiment with short programs written in several languages. Through these interactions he grounds the models and metaphors of computer science and makes the underlying computational ideas more concrete.

In this lively series of essays, Tom Dean explores interesting fundamental topics in computer science with the aim of showing how computers and computer programs work and how the various subfields of computer science are connected. Along the way, he conveys his fascination with computers and enthusiasm for working in a field that has changed almost every aspect of our daily lives. The essays touch on a wide range of topics, from digital logic and machine language to artificial intelligence and searching the World Wide Web, considering such questions as: • How can a computer learn to recognize junk email? • What happens when you click on a link in a browser? • How can you program a robot to do two things at once? • Are there limits on what computers can do? The author invites readers to experiment with short programs written in several languages. Through these interactions he grounds the models and metaphors of computer science and makes the underlying computational ideas more concrete.

More than half the numbers of children with epilepsy have interrelated language, learning and/or behavior complications. By adulthood, these problems can interfere with socialization and employment. The seizures may be controlled but the developmental distortions can continue to present problems for health and education systems and carers. In this comprehensive and fully referenced book, William Svoboda distils a lifetime of clinical experience with childhood epilepsy into three areas which address each of the main areas of difficulty. In each he looks at why the problems arise and assesses diagnostic and remediative approaches. The focus is on the whole care of the child rather than on diagnosis, classification and medication alone. Clinicians, mental health practitioners, educators and speech–language pathologists will find this book invaluable.

This book introduces the reader to relevant logic and provides the subject with a philosophical interpretation. The defining feature of relevant logic is that it forces the premises of an argument to be really used ('relevant') in deriving its conclusion. The logic is placed in the context of possible world semantics and situation semantics, which are then applied to provide an understanding of the various logical particles (especially implication and negation) and natural language conditionals. The book ends by examining various applications of relevant logic and presenting some interesting open problems. It will be of interest to a range of readers including advanced students of logic, philosophical and mathematical logicians, and computer scientists.

Coding theory is concerned with successfully transmitting data through a noisy channel and correcting errors in corrupted messages. It is of central importance for many applications in computer science or engineering. This book gives a comprehensive introduction to coding theory whilst only assuming basic linear algebra. It contains a detailed and rigorous introduction to the theory of block codes and moves on to more advanced topics like BCH codes, Goppa codes and Sudan's algorithm for list decoding. The issues of bounds and decoding, essential to the design of good codes, features prominently. The authors of this book have, for several years, successfully taught a course on coding theory to students at the National University of Singapore. This book is based on their experiences and provides a thoroughly modern introduction to the subject. There are numerous examples and exercises, some of which introduce students to novel or more advanced material.

Coding theory is concerned with successfully transmitting data through a noisy channel and correcting errors in corrupted messages. It is of central importance for many applications in computer science or engineering. This book gives a comprehensive introduction to coding theory whilst only assuming basic linear algebra. It contains a detailed and rigorous introduction to the theory of block codes and moves on to more advanced topics like BCH codes, Goppa codes and Sudan's algorithm for list decoding. The issues of bounds and decoding, essential to the design of good codes, features prominently. The authors of this book have, for several years, successfully taught a course on coding theory to students at the National University of Singapore. This book is based on their experiences and provides a thoroughly modern introduction to the subject. There are numerous examples and exercises, some of which introduce students to novel or more advanced material.

Includes ever-popular songs that provide an effective way of learning how to form all 26 a-z letter shapes, by associating them with body parts. The rhyming songs in this work use language and concept

Automotive Technology: The Electronic Classroom is a complete teaching/learning system using text and multimedia resources for a computer centered approach. Each volume in the series consists of a hig

Automotive Technology: The Electronic Classroom is a complete teaching/learning system using text and multimedia resources for a computer centered approach. Each volume in the series consists of a hig

Automotive Technology: The Electronic Classroom is a complete teaching/learning system using text and multimedia resources for a computer centered approach. Each volume in the series consists of a hig

Automotive Technology: The Electronic Classroom is a complete teaching/learning system using text and multimedia resources for a computer centered approach. Each volume in the series consists of a hig

English365 is a three-level course in Business and general English. The Personal Study Book contains: - Better language learning - ideas on how to learn English more effectively - Practice exercises -

English365 is a three-level course in Business and general English. The Personal Study Book contains: - Better language learning - ideas on how to learn English more effectively - Practice exercises -

Belief revision is a topic of much interest in theoretical computer science and logic, and it forms a central problem in research into artificial intelligence. In simple terms: how do you update a database of knowledge in the light of new information? What if the new information is in conflict with something that was previously held to be true? An intelligent system should be able to accommodate all such cases. This book contains a collection of research articles on belief revision that are completely up to date and an introductory chapter that presents a survey of current research in the area and the fundamentals of the theory. Thus this volume will be useful as a textbook on belief revision.

The rapid development and integration of computer-assisted assessment (CAA) in mainstream post-compulsory educational institutions today make this an exciting and invaluable reference text. It provide

The overwhelming majority of bugs and crashes in computer programming stem from problems of memory access, allocation, or deallocation. Such memory related errors are also notoriously difficult to debug. Yet the role that memory plays in C and C++ programming is a subject often overlooked in courses and in books because it requires specialised knowledge of operating systems, compilers, computer architecture in addition to a familiarity with the languages themselves. Most professional programmers learn entirely through experience of the trouble it causes. This 2004 book provides students and professional programmers with a concise yet comprehensive view of the role memory plays in all aspects of programming and program behaviour. Assuming only a basic familiarity with C or C++, the author describes the techniques, methods, and tools available to deal with the problems related to memory and its effective use.

The overwhelming majority of bugs and crashes in computer programming stem from problems of memory access, allocation, or deallocation. Such memory related errors are also notoriously difficult to debug. Yet the role that memory plays in C and C++ programming is a subject often overlooked in courses and in books because it requires specialised knowledge of operating systems, compilers, computer architecture in addition to a familiarity with the languages themselves. Most professional programmers learn entirely through experience of the trouble it causes. This 2004 book provides students and professional programmers with a concise yet comprehensive view of the role memory plays in all aspects of programming and program behaviour. Assuming only a basic familiarity with C or C++, the author describes the techniques, methods, and tools available to deal with the problems related to memory and its effective use.

Classroom Discourse and the Space of Learning is about learning in schools and the central role of language in learning. The investigations of learning it reports are based on two premises: First, wha

In Wisdom, Intelligence, and Creativity Synthesized, Sternberg reviews and summarizes the best research available on human intelligence. He argues that any serious understanding of intelligence must go beyond the standard paper and pencil tests currently in use. In addition to analytical and quantitative abilities, a theory of intelligence must take account of peoples' creative abilities - their ability to go beyond given information and imagine new and exciting ways of reformulating old problems. It must also take into account peoples' ability to weigh options carefully and act prudently. Understanding one's own intellectual shortcomings, and learning how to overcome, is as important as developing one's strengths. Sternberg develops a vision of human intelligence that is far more nuanced and accurate than anything previously offered. Wisdom, Intelligence and Creativity Synthesized will be essential reading for psychologists, cognitive scientists, educators, and organizational research

Online Collaborative Learning: Theory and Practice provides a resource for researchers and practitioners in the area of online collaborative learning (also known as CSCL, computer-supported collaborat

For junior- to graduate-level courses in computer graphics. Reflecting the rapid expansion of the use of computer graphics and of C++ as a programming language of choice for implementation, this text

In a handy, pocket-sized edition, The Canadian A to Z of Grammar, Spelling, and Punctuation offers advice on over 1,000 of the most common language errors in a clear and eye-catching format. TheA to Z

All of the attractively illustrated Hide & Speak language-learning books use a tried-and-tested method for teaching children vocabulary in a new language. Kids open the book to any right-hand page, w

All of the attractively illustrated Hide & Speak language-learning books use a tried-and-tested method for teaching children vocabulary in a new language. Kids open the book to any right-hand page, w

In our day-to-day lives we constantly make decisions which are simply 'good enough' rather than optimal. Most computer-based decision-making algorithms, on the other hand, doggedly seek only the optimal solution based on rigid criteria and reject any others. In this book, Professor Stirling outlines an alternative approach, using novel algorithms and techniques which can be used to find satisficing solutions. Building on traditional decision and game theory, these techniques allow decision-making systems to cope with more subtle situations where self and group interests conflict, perfect solutions can't be found and human issues need to be taken into account - in short, more closely modelling the way humans make decisions. The book will therefore be of great interest to engineers, computer scientists and mathematicians working on artificial intelligence and expert systems.

A picture dictionary with a difference! Using the tried and tested method of 'look, cover and speak', this fun language learning picture book is organised in popular themes like shopping, school, fami

A picture dictionary with a difference! Using the tried and tested method of 'look, cover and speak', this fun language learning picture book is organised in popular themes like shopping, school, fami

This book treats learning a programming language much like learning a spoken language: programming is best learned by immersion. Through building interesting programs and addressing real design issues much earlier than other texts, this title moves beyond the mere syntax and discusses the serious architecture of programs: how delegation and inheritance allow objects to cooperate effectively. The text is filled with programs for realistic applications. These programs are much closer to those the student will encounter in the 'real world' than those in traditional texts. Furthermore, the authors constantly revise the programs as they grow in sophistication so students learn another important aspect of real-world programming: that programs are constantly updated, modified and improved. Finally, in the exercises, the authors encourage students to write programs that interact with programs that they have prepared, and then ask them to write about those programs.

This book treats learning a programming language much like learning a spoken language: programming is best learned by immersion. Through building interesting programs and addressing real design issues much earlier than other texts, this title moves beyond the mere syntax and discusses the serious architecture of programs: how delegation and inheritance allow objects to cooperate effectively. The text is filled with programs for realistic applications. These programs are much closer to those the student will encounter in the 'real world' than those in traditional texts. Furthermore, the authors constantly revise the programs as they grow in sophistication so students learn another important aspect of real-world programming: that programs are constantly updated, modified and improved. Finally, in the exercises, the authors encourage students to write programs that interact with programs that they have prepared, and then ask them to write about those programs.

This book is about the relationship between learning English as an additional language and the ways in which immigrant students are able to represent their identities at school. In high schools, how s

The first edition of this highly successful book received praise from many practioners in the field of language and learning difficulties."Any practioner with an interest in the acquisition of literac

In its first two decades, much of cognitive science focused on such mental functions as memory, learning, symbolic thought, and language acquisition --the functions in which the human mind most closel

To date little is known about the everyday activities that make up the majority of people's learning lives. This book presents a critical approach to learning using situated learning and activity theory, drawing on the writings of Marx, Gramsci, Marxist-feminists, as well as the sociology of Bourdieu. Though many have demonstrated that schooling and adult training are deeply affected by issues of social class, this book explodes the myth that everyday learning, despite its apparent openness and freedom, can be understood as class-neutral. Based on life-history interviews, selected ethnographic observations in homes and factories, large-scale survey materials as well as microanalysis of human computer interaction, the analysis explores learning across the various spheres of 'working-class life'. The author draws on his own experience as a factory worker, labour educator and academic to offer the most detailed examination of computer literacy and lifelong learning practice amongst workin

This book presents a collection of new and stimulating approaches to reading in a foreign language. The contributors to the volume all place reading at the heart of learning a foreign language and ent

There are more than one billion people learning English as a second language around the world, and the majority of these language learners are in China. This book provides teachers of English to Chine

Structural equation modelling (SEM) is a technique that is used to estimate, analyse and test models that specify relationships among variables. The ability to conduct such analyses is essential for many problems in ecology and evolutionary biology. This book begins by explaining the theory behind the statistical methodology, including chapters on conceptual issues, the implementation of an SEM study and the history of the development of SEM. The second section provides examples of analyses on biological data including multi-group models, means models, P-technique and time-series. The final section of the book deals with computer applications and contrasts three popular SEM software packages. Aimed specifically at biological researchers and graduate students, this book will serve as valuable resource for both learning and teaching the SEM methodology. Moreover, data sets and programs that are presented in the book can also be downloaded from a website to assist the learning process.

Knowledge management and knowledge-based intelligence are areas of importance in the economy and society, and to exploit them fully and efficiently it is necessary both to represent and reason about knowledge via a declarative interface whose input language is based on logic. In this book, originally published in 2003, Chitta Baral shows exactly how to go about doing that: how to write programs that behave intelligently by giving them the ability to express knowledge and reason about it. He presents a language, AnsProlog, for both knowledge representation and reasoning, and declarative problem solving. The results have been organised here into a form that will appeal to practising and would-be knowledge engineers wishing to learn more about the subject, either in courses or through self-teaching. A comprehensive bibliography rounds off the book.

A picture dictionary with a difference! Using the tried and tested method of 'look, cover and speak', this fun language learning picture book is organised in popular themes like shopping, school, fami